Longitudinal dynamics and tomography in the Tevatron

TL;DR

This paper investigates the longitudinal beam dynamics in the Tevatron, using multi-turn data and tomography to analyze oscillations, distribution changes, and phase space evolution of protons and anti-protons.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of longitudinal effects in the Tevatron using tomographic reconstruction to map phase space and track distribution changes over the operational cycle.

Findings

Identification of specific oscillation frequencies

Observation of distribution changes during operation

Discovery of unexpected longitudinal dynamics

Abstract

Motivated by the desire to understand the longitudinal effects of beam-beam forces, we study the longitudinal dynamics of protons and anti-protons at injection and top energy in the Tevatron. Multi-turn data of the longitudinal profiles are captured to reveal information about frequencies of oscillation, and changes in the bunch distributions. Tomographic reconstruction is used to create phase space maps which are subsequently used to find the momentum distributions. Changes in these distributions for both proton and anti-proton beams are also followed through the operational cycle. We report on the details of interesting dynamics and some unexpected findings.