Beam-beam studies for the High-Energy LHC

TL;DR

This paper investigates beam-beam effects in the proposed High-Energy LHC upgrade, focusing on how increased beam energy and radiation damping influence beam stability and limits through simulation studies.

Contribution

It provides initial simulation-based analysis of beam-beam interactions at 16.5 TeV in the HE-LHC, considering effects of emittance shrinkage and beam-beam parameter evolution.

Findings

Beam-beam parameter increases over time during a physics store.

Synchrotron radiation causes emittance damping with a 2-hour time constant.

Simulations explore the beam-beam limit at higher energies.

Abstract

LHC upgrades are being considered both towards higher luminosity (HL-LHC) and towards higher energy (HE-LHC). In this paper we report initial studies of the beam-beam effects in the HE-LHC [1]. The HE-LHC aims at beam energies of 16.5 TeV, where the transverse emittance decreases due to synchrotron radiation with a 2-hour damping time. As a result of this emittance, shrinkage the beam-beam parameter increases with time, during a physics store. The beam-beam limit in the HE-LHC is explored using computer simulations.