Bubbles and Black Branes in Grand Canonical Ensemble

TL;DR

This paper explores the complex phase structure of black branes in the grand canonical ensemble, revealing a new bubble phase and multiple possible phase transitions, which suggest potential instabilities or undiscovered phases.

Contribution

It identifies a new bubble phase in the grand canonical ensemble and discusses the enriched phase structure including possible instabilities or unknown phases.

Findings

Discovery of a new bubble phase with the same boundary data

Existence of phase transitions among bubble, black brane, and hot flat space

Indication of potential instabilities or unknown phases in the ensemble

Abstract

When the phase structure of the black brane in grand canonical ensemble is discussed, a new bubble phase with the same boundary data is found to exist in this structure. As such, the phase transitions among bubble, black brane and "hot flat space" are possible, therefore giving a much enriched phase structure. We argue that under some conditions, either the grand canonical ensemble itself is unstable or there are some unknown new phases.