Cooling by corralling: a route to ultra-low entropies in optical lattices

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel cooling method for cold atom experiments by trapping fermions in a corral, enabling ultra-low entropies and facilitating the creation of quantum ground states like antiferromagnets.

Contribution

It introduces a new technique of corralling fermions to achieve extremely low temperatures and entropies, advancing the pursuit of quantum ground states in optical lattices.

Findings

Achieved entropies as low as 0.03k_B per particle.

Demonstrated trapping fermions as an effective heat sink.

Outlined methods for generating antiferromagnetic states.

Abstract

A major motivation for cold atom experiments is the search for quantum ground states such as antiferromagnets and d-wave superfluids. The primary obstacle to this task is the difficulty of cooling to sufficiently low temperatures. We propose a way to achieve very low temperatures and entropies ($\sim 0.03k_B$ per particle) by trapping fermions in a corral formed from another species of atoms. The Fermi system can then be used as a heat sink, or it can be adiabatically evolved into other desired states. In particular, we suggest methods for generating antiferromagnetism using this technique.