A new multivariate measurement error model with zero-inflated dietary data, and its application to dietary assessment

TL;DR

This paper introduces the first multivariate measurement error model tailored for zero-inflated dietary data, enabling better analysis of complex dietary intake patterns with correlated components and measurement errors.

Contribution

It develops a novel statistical model and fitting procedure for multivariate, zero-inflated dietary data with measurement error, addressing a significant gap in nutritional data analysis.

Findings

Successfully models complex dietary data with zero inflation and measurement error

Provides a practical MCMC-based fitting method with uncertainty estimation

Enhances understanding of overall dietary patterns and correlations

Abstract

In the United States the preferred method of obtaining dietary intake data is the 24-hour dietary recall, yet the measure of most interest is usual or long-term average daily intake, which is impossible to measure. Thus, usual dietary intake is assessed with considerable measurement error. Also, diet represents numerous foods, nutrients and other components, each of which have distinctive attributes. Sometimes, it is useful to examine intake of these components separately, but increasingly nutritionists are interested in exploring them collectively to capture overall dietary patterns. Consumption of these components varies widely: some are consumed daily by almost everyone on every day, while others are episodically consumed so that 24-hour recall data are zero-inflated. In addition, they are often correlated with each other. Finally, it is often preferable to analyze the amount of a dietary component relative to the amount of energy (calories) in a diet because dietary recommendations often vary with energy level. The quest to understand overall dietary patterns of usual intake has to this point reached a standstill. There are no statistical methods or models available to model such complex multivariate data with its measurement error and zero inflation. This paper proposes the first such model, and it proposes the first workable solution to fit such a model. After describing the model, we use survey-weighted MCMC computations to fit the model, with uncertainty estimation coming from balanced repeated replication.