Three-body correlation functions and recombination rates for bosons in three and one dimensions

TL;DR

This study measures three-body correlations in ultracold bosonic gases in 3D and 1D, revealing how interactions influence recombination rates and correlation functions, confirming theoretical models across regimes.

Contribution

It provides experimental validation of theoretical predictions for three-body correlations in bosonic gases in both three and one dimensions, across different interaction regimes.

Findings

g(3) matches beyond-mean-field theory in 3D

g(3) decreases significantly in 1D with stronger interactions

Results agree with Lieb-Liniger model predictions

Abstract

We investigate local three-body correlations for bosonic particles in three and one dimensions as a function of the interaction strength. The three-body correlation function g(3) is determined by measuring the three-body recombination rate in an ultracold gas of Cs atoms. In three dimensions, we measure the dependence of g(3) on the gas parameter in a BEC, finding good agreement with the theoretical prediction accounting for beyond-mean-field effects. In one dimension, we observe a reduction of g(3) by several orders of magnitude upon increasing interactions from the weakly interacting BEC to the strongly interacting Tonks-Girardeau regime, in good agreement with predictions from the Lieb-Liniger model for all strengths of interaction.