Theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum discord and related measures

TL;DR

This paper reviews the theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum discord and related measures, exploring their fundamental properties, dynamical behavior under decoherence, and applications across various fields like quantum computation, relativity, and biological systems.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive review of quantum discord, combining theoretical insights with experimental findings and analyzing their behavior and applications in diverse scenarios.

Findings

Quantum discord captures non-classical correlations beyond entanglement.

Correlations exhibit specific dynamical behaviors under decoherence.

Quantum discord has practical applications in quantum computation and other fields.

Abstract

Correlations are a very important tool in the study of multipartite systems, both for classical and quantum ones. The discussion about the quantum nature of correlations permeates Physics since Einstein, Podolski and Rosen published their famous article criticizing quantum mechanics. Here we provide a short review about the quantum nature of correlations, discussing both its theoretical and experimental aspects. We focus on quantum discord and related measures. After discussing their fundamental aspects (theoretically and experimentally), we proceed by analysing the dynamical behaviour of correlations under decoherence as well as some applications in different scenarios, such as quantum computation and relativity, passing through critical and biological systems.