In situ measurement of the dynamic structure factor in ultracold quantum gases

TL;DR

This paper introduces a non-destructive experimental method using cavity modes to measure the dynamic structure factor in ultracold quantum gases, enabling efficient and repeated measurements without destroying the atomic system.

Contribution

It presents a novel cavity-based technique for in situ measurement of the dynamic structure factor in ultracold gases, improving upon previous destructive methods.

Findings

The method allows real-time measurement of the structure factor.

It preserves the atomic system during measurement.

The approach is efficient and minimally invasive.

Abstract

We propose an experimental setup to efficiently measure the dynamic structure factor of ultracold quantum gases. Our method uses the interaction of the trapped atomic system with two different cavity modes, which are driven by external laser fields. By measuring the output fields of the cavity the dynamic structure factor of the atomic system can be determined. Contrary to previous approaches the atomic system is not destroyed during the measurement process.