Exchange bias effect in alloys and compounds

TL;DR

This review discusses the exchange bias phenomena in single-phase alloys and compounds with coexisting magnetic phases, emphasizing fundamental understanding over technological applications.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of exchange bias effects in various magnetic materials, focusing on qualitative and quantitative aspects through macroscopic measurements.

Findings

Exchange bias observed in alloys with multiple magnetic phases.

Quantitative analysis of magnetization and magnetoresistance data.

Focus on fundamental mechanisms rather than applications.

Abstract

The phenomenology of exchange bias effects observed in structurally single-phase alloys and compounds but composed of a variety of coexisting magnetic phases such as ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, spin-glass, cluster-glass and disordered magnetic states are reviewed. The investigations on exchange bias effects are discussed in diverse types of alloys and compounds where qualitative and quantitative aspects of magnetism are focused based on macroscopic experimental tools such as magnetization and magnetoresistance measurements. Here, we focus on improvement of fundamental issues of the exchange bias effects rather than on their technological importance.