Cosmology today-A brief review

TL;DR

This paper provides a concise overview of the standard cosmological model, including FRW solutions, cosmological lengths, and early universe physics, summarizing key concepts and observational insights.

Contribution

It offers a brief, integrated review of fundamental cosmological models, lengths, and early universe physics, serving as an accessible summary for learners.

Findings

Overview of FRW models and flat solutions

Discussion of cosmological lengths and their applications

Summary of physical processes in early universe

Abstract

This is a brief review of the standard model of cosmology. We first introduce the FRW models and their flat solutions for energy fluids playing an important role in the dynamics at different epochs. We then introduce different cosmological lengths and some of their applications. The later part is dedicated to the physical processes and concepts necessary to understand the early and very early Universe and observations of it.