Equation of state at finite baryon density based on lattice QCD

TL;DR

This paper extends the lattice QCD-based equation of state to finite baryon density using Taylor expansion coefficients, connecting it smoothly to the hadron resonance gas model at low temperatures and analyzing its impact on elliptic flow.

Contribution

It introduces a method to incorporate lattice QCD data into the equation of state at finite baryon density, accounting for lattice spacing and quark mass effects.

Findings

Taylor coefficients match hadron resonance gas at low T

Equation of state smoothly connects to hadron resonance gas

Elliptic flow is affected at SPS energy

Abstract

We employ the lattice QCD data on Taylor expansion coefficients to extend our previous parametrization of the equation of state to finite baryon density. When we take into account lattice spacing and quark mass dependence of the hadron masses, the Taylor coefficients at low temperature are equal to those of hadron resonance gas. Thus the equation of state is smoothly connected to the hadron resonance gas equation of state at low temperatures. We also show how the elliptic flow is affected by this equation of state at the maximum SPS energy.