Boundedness in a quasilinear parabolic-parabolic Keller-Segel system with subcritical sensitivity

TL;DR

This paper establishes conditions under which solutions to a quasilinear Keller-Segel system remain bounded over time, identifying a critical exponent that distinguishes between boundedness and blow-up scenarios.

Contribution

It proves a sharp boundedness criterion for the Keller-Segel system with subcritical sensitivity and extends boundedness results to general quasilinear non-uniformly parabolic equations.

Findings

Solutions are uniformly bounded if rac{S(u)}{D(u)}  u^lpha with lpha<2/n.

Blow-up solutions exist when lpha>2/n, indicating the sharpness of the boundedness criterion.

A modified Moser-Alikakos iterative technique is developed for quasilinear non-uniformly parabolic equations.

Abstract

We consider the quasilinear parabolic-parabolic Keller-Segel system $$ u_t=\nabla \cdot (D(u)\nabla u) - \nabla \cdot (S(u)\nabla v), \qquad x\in\Omega, \ t>0, v_t=\Delta v -v + u, x\in\Omega, \ t>0, $$ under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega\subset\R^n$ with $n\ge 2$. It is proved that if $\frac{S(u)}{D(u)}\le cu^{\alpha}$ with $\alpha<\frac{2}{n}$ and some constant $c>0$ for all $u>1$ and some further technical conditions are fulfilled, then the classical solutions to the above system are uniformly-in-time bounded. This boundedness result is optimal according to a recent result by the second author ({\em Math. Meth. Appl. Sci.} {\bf 33} (2010), 12-24), which says that if $\frac{S(u)}{D(u)} \ge cu^\alpha$ for $u>1$ with $c>0$ and some $\alpha>\frac{2}{n}$, then for each mass $M>0$ there exist blow-up solutions with mass $\io u_0=M$. In addition, this paper also proves a general boundedness result for quasilinear non-uniformly parabolic equations by modifying the iterative technique of Moser-Alikakos (Alikakos, {\em Comm. PDE} {\bf 4} (1979), 827-868).