Tensor Tilt from Primordial B-modes

TL;DR

This paper analyzes how current and future B-mode polarization experiments can detect and distinguish the tensor tilt $n_T$ predicted by various early universe models, such as inflation, string gases, and bouncing cosmologies.

Contribution

It performs a Bayesian analysis to determine the detectability of tensor tilt deviations from zero with different CMB experiments, highlighting the capabilities of future missions.

Findings

Planck + QUIET (II) can detect $n_T eq 0$ if $|n_T| > 0.3$

Current experiments cannot distinguish inflation from zero tilt if $|n_T|$ is small

Only ideal satellite missions can definitively differentiate between models based on tilt detection.

Abstract

A primordial cosmic microwave background B-mode is widely considered a "smoking gun" signature of an early period of inflationary expansion. However, competing theories of the origin of structure, including string gases and bouncing cosmologies, also produce primordial tensor perturbations that give rise to a B-mode. These models can be differentiated by the scale dependence of their tensor spectra: inflation predicts a red tilt ($n_T<0$), string gases and loop quantum cosmology predict a blue tilt ($n_T>0$), while a nonsingular matter bounce gives zero tilt ($n_T=0$). We perform a Bayesian analysis to determine how far $|n_T|$ must deviate from zero before a tilt can be detected with current and future B-mode experiments. We find that Planck in conjunction with QUIET (II) will decisively detect $n_T \neq 0$ if $|n_T| > 0.3$, too large to distinguish either single field inflation or string gases from the case $n_T=0$. While a future mission like CMBPol will offer improvement, only an ideal satellite mission will be capable of providing sufficient Bayesian evidence to distinguish between each model considered.