Tracing the Gas to the Virial Radius (R100) in a Fossil Group

TL;DR

This study uses X-ray observations to analyze the hot gas distribution in a relaxed fossil galaxy group, measuring entropy and baryon fraction out to the virial radius, and finds results consistent with theoretical predictions.

Contribution

It provides detailed measurements of the intra-group medium out to the virial radius in a fossil group, demonstrating no entropy flattening and a baryon fraction aligned with cosmological expectations.

Findings

Entropy profile matches self-similar predictions beyond R500

Baryon fraction within Rvir is consistent with cosmological values

Gas clumping is not prevalent near Rvir in this fossil group

Abstract

We present a Chandra, Suzaku and Rosat study of the hot Intra Group Medium (IGrM) of the relaxed fossil group/ poor cluster RXJ1159+5531. This group exhibits an advantageous combination of flat surface brightness profile, high luminosity and optimal distance, allowing the gas to be detected out to the virial radius (Rvir=R108=1100 kpc) in a single Suzaku pointing, while the complementary Chandra data reveal a round morphology and relaxed IGrM image down to kpc scales. We measure the IGrM entropy profile over 3 orders of magnitude in radius, including 3 data bins beyond 0.5R200 with azimuthal coverage (>30%). We find no evidence that the profile flattens at large scales (>R500), and when corrected for the enclosed gas fraction, the entropy profile is very close to the predictions from self-similar structure formation simulations, as seen in massive clusters. Within Rvir, we measure a baryon fraction of 0.17+/-0.02, consistent with the Cosmological value. These results are in sharp contrast to the gas behaviour at large scales recently reported in the Virgo and Perseus clusters, and indicate that substantial gas clumping cannot be ubiquitous near Rvir, at least in highly evolved (fossil) groups.