Ergodicity of group actions and spectral gap, applications to random walks and Markov shifts

TL;DR

This paper investigates the spectral gap property for group actions and its implications for random walks and Markov shifts, providing new results on ergodicity, limit theorems, and recurrence in various complex systems.

Contribution

It introduces new applications of spectral gap techniques to analyze ergodicity and limit behaviors in diverse non-compact dynamical systems involving group actions.

Findings

Spectral gap implies ergodicity and recurrence in complex systems.

Limit theorems are established for random walks with spectral gap.

Applications include nilmanifolds, Lie groups, and motion groups.

Abstract

Let $(X, \cal B, \nu)$ be a probability space and let $\Gamma$ be a countable group of $\nu$-preserving invertible maps of $X$ into itself. To a probability measure $\mu$ on $\Gamma$ corresponds a random walk on $X$ with Markov operator $P$ given by $P\psi(x) = \sum_{a} \psi(ax) \, \mu(a)$. A powerful tool is the spectral gap property for the operator $P$ when it holds. We consider various examples of ergodic $\Gamma$-actions and random walks and their extensions by a vector space: groups of automorphisms or affine transformations on compact nilmanifolds, random walk in random scenery on non amenable groups, translations on homogeneous spaces of simple Lie groups, random walks on motion groups. The spectral gap property is applied to obtain limit theorems, recurrence/transience property and ergodicity for random walks on non compact extensions of the corresponding dynamical systems.