Selforganisation and sympathetic cooling of multispecies ensembles in a cavity

TL;DR

This paper predicts that multispecies ensembles in a high-Q cavity can selforganize and cool simultaneously through collective scattering, enabling efficient trapping and energy exchange among diverse particles without direct collisions.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical model for concurrent selforganization and sympathetic cooling of multiple particle species in a cavity, including analytical and numerical validation.

Findings

Lowered pump power for selfordering with added species.

Enhanced cooling of heavy particles via light particle reservoirs.

Analytical thresholds and phase-space distributions derived.

Abstract

We predict concurrent selforganisation and cooling of multispecies ensembles of laser-illuminated polarisable particles within a high-Q cavity mode. Resonant collective scattering of laser light into the cavity creates optical potentials which above a threshold pump power transforms a homogeneous particle distribution to a crystalline order for all constituents. Adding extra particles of any mass and temperature always lowers the pump power required for selfordering and allows to concurrently trap atoms, for which high phase-space densities are readily available, in combination with many other kind of atoms, molecules or even polarisable nanoparticles. Collective scattering leads to energy exchange between the different species without direct collisional interactions. We analytically calculate the threshold condition, energy fluxes and the resulting equilibrium phase-space distributions and show that cavity-mediated energy transfer enhances cooling of heavy particles by adding light particles forming a cold reservoir. Extensive numerical many-body simulations support the results of our kinetic analytic model.