Universal Five- and Six-Body Droplets Tied to an Efimov Trimer

TL;DR

This paper investigates weakly bound bosonic states in strongly interacting regimes, revealing universal five- and six-body resonances linked to Efimov trimers, and uncovers a complex structure of bosonic cluster states.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of five- and six-body resonances attached to Efimov trimers using advanced computational methods, supporting Efimov universality in bosonic systems.

Findings

Identification of five- and six-body resonances linked to Efimov trimers

Discovery of diverse bosonic cluster states including droplet-like and dimer/trimer-formed states

Discussion of potential experimental signatures of these cluster states

Abstract

We explore the properties of weakly bound bosonic states in the strongly interacting regime. Combining a correlated-Gaussian (CG) basis set expansion with a complex scaling method, we extract the energies and structural properties of bosonic cluster states with $N\le6$ for different two-body potentials. The identification of five- and six-body resonances attached to an excited Efimov trimer provides strong support to the premise of Efimov universality in bosonic systems. Our study also reveals a rich structure of bosonic cluster states. Besides the lowest cluster states which behave as bosonic droplets, we identify cluster states weakly bound to one or two atoms forming effective cluster-atom "dimers" and cluster-atom-atom "trimers." The experimental signatures of these cluster states are discussed.