Emergent scenario and different anisotropic models

TL;DR

This paper explores the emergent universe scenario within homogeneous anisotropic and inhomogeneous LTB models, analyzing the role of scalar fields and perfect fluids in enabling such cosmological evolution.

Contribution

It develops the emergent universe scenario in both anisotropic and inhomogeneous models, considering scalar fields and perfect fluids, extending previous cosmological models.

Findings

Emergent scenario possible with scalar fields and perfect fluids.

Different anisotropic models support emergent universe conditions.

Inhomogeneous LTB models also exhibit emergent behavior.

Abstract

In this work, Emergent Universe scenario has been developed in general homogeneous anisotropic model and for the inhomogeneus LTB model. In the first case, it is assumed that the matter in the universe has two components - one is perfect fluid with barotropic equation of state $p=\omega\rho$ ($\omega$, a constant) and the other component is a real or phantom (or tachyonic) scalar field. In the second case, the universe is only filled with a perfect fluid and possibilities for the existence of emergent scenario has been examined.