Electric-field control of magnetic ordering in the tetragonal BiFeO3

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how electric fields can switch magnetic orderings in tetragonal BiFeO3 by manipulating ferroelectric polarization, offering a new method for controlling multiferroic properties.

Contribution

It reveals a strain-dependent magnetic phase transition in BiFeO3 and shows electric-field-induced switching of magnetic orderings via polarization orientation control.

Findings

Magnetic phase transition from C-type to G-type AFM at specific lattice constants.

Electric field can switch magnetic ordering from C-AFM to G-AFM.

Ferroelectric polarization orientation significantly influences magnetic exchange interactions.

Abstract

We propose a way to use electric-field to control the magnetic ordering of the tetragonal BiFeO3. Based on systematic first-principles studies of the epitaxial strain effect on the ferroelectric and magnetic properties of the tetragonal BiFeO3, we find that there exists a transition from C-type to G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase at in-plane constant a ~ 3.905 {\AA} when the ferroelectric polarization is along [001] direction. Such magnetic phase transition can be explained by the competition between the Heisenberg exchange constant J1c and J2c under the influence of biaxial strain. Interestingly, when the in-plane lattice constant enlarges, the preferred ferroelectric polarization tends to be canted and eventually lies in the plane (along [110] direction). It is found that the orientation change of ferroelectric polarization, which can be realized by applying external electric-field, has significant impact on the Heisenberg exchange parameters and therefore the magnetic orderings of tetragonal BiFeO3. For example, at a ~ 3.79 {\AA}, an electric field along [111] direction with magnitude of 2 MV/cm could change the magnetic ordering from C-AFM to G-AFM. As the magnetic ordering affects many physical properties of the magnetic material, e.g. magnetoresistance, we expect such strategy would provide a new avenue to the application of multiferroic materials.