Enhanced rise of rogue waves in slant wave groups

TL;DR

This study uses numerical simulations to show that rogue waves are most likely to form in elongated wave groups when wave fronts are obliquely oriented at an optimal angle, which depends on initial conditions.

Contribution

It identifies the optimal oblique angle for rogue wave formation in long-crested wave groups, advancing understanding of wave dynamics in deep water.

Findings

Maximum rogue wave formation occurs at an oblique angle of 18-28 degrees.

The optimal angle depends on initial wave amplitude and group width.

Oblique wave fronts significantly influence the likelihood of extreme wave events.

Abstract

Numerical simulations of fully nonlinear equations of motion for long-crested waves at deep water demonstrate that in elongate wave groups the formation of extreme waves occurs most intensively if in an initial state the wave fronts are oriented obliquely to the direction of the group. An "optimal" angle, resulting in the highest rogue waves, depends on initial wave amplitude and group width, and it is about 18-28 degrees in a practically important range of parameters.