Bose-Einstein Condensate in a light-induced vector potential using the 1064 $nm$ optical dipole trap lasers

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates creating an effective vector gauge potential for Bose-Einstein condensates of rubidium atoms using 1064 nm lasers, enabling the simulation of magnetic and electric fields with reduced spontaneous emission.

Contribution

The experiment introduces a simple method to generate a vector gauge potential in BECs using far-detuned Raman coupling with 1064 nm lasers, reducing spontaneous emission and allowing for synthetic electromagnetic fields.

Findings

Effective vector gauge potential achieved in BECs.

Reduced spontaneous emission due to far-detuning.

Potential to produce synthetic magnetic and electric fields.

Abstract

We present a simple experiment of creating an effective vector gauge potential for Bose-Einstein condensed $^{87}$Rb in the F=2 hyperfine ground state using two crossed 1064 $nm$ optical dipole trap lasers as the Raman beams. Due to the far-detuning from the single-photon resonance with the electronically excited state, the spontaneous emission is strongly reduced, at the same time, the moderate strength of the Raman coupling still can be achieved. The atoms at the far detuning of the Raman coupling are loaded adiabatically into the dressed states by ramping the homogeneous bias magnetic field to resonance and the different energy dressed states are studied. This experiment is easily extended to produce synthetic magnetic or electric field from a spatial or time dependence of the effective vector potential.