Magnetic field dependence of the quantum tunneling of normal-superconductor interfaces in a type-I Pb superconductor

TL;DR

This study investigates how magnetic fields influence quantum tunneling and magnetic relaxation in a type-I lead superconductor, revealing a decrease in crossover temperature and an increase in relaxation rate with higher fields.

Contribution

It provides experimental evidence linking magnetic field strength to quantum tunneling behavior of normal-superconductor interfaces in a type-I superconductor, supported by a phase diagram.

Findings

Logarithmic magnetic relaxation over various temperatures and fields.

Decreased crossover temperature with increasing magnetic field.

Increased relaxation rate as magnetic field intensifies.

Abstract

We report experimental evidence of the effect of an applied magnetic field on the non-thermal magnetic relaxation in a disk-shaped type-I lead superconductor. The time evolution of the irreversible magnetization proves to be logarithmic for a wide range of temperatures and magnetic field values along the descending branch of the hysteresis cycle. When the intensity of the magnetic field increases, the crossover temperature separating the thermal and non-thermal regimes of magnetic relaxation is found to decrease, whereas the rate at which such relaxation occurs is observed to increase. These results are discussed in the framework of a recent model for quantum tunneling of normal-superconductor interfaces through the distribution of pinning energy barriers generated by structural defects in the sample, considering that the strength of the barriers decreases with the magnetic field. A phase diagram describing the dynamics of interfaces during flux expulsion in the intermediate state as a function of temperature and magnetic field is constructed.