The Morphology of the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Sky

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel morphological analysis of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich sky using generalized skew-spectra and Minkowski Functionals, enabling detailed non-Gaussianity characterization in future CMB observations.

Contribution

It develops a new framework employing generalized skew-spectra and Minkowski Functionals to analyze the morphology and non-Gaussian features of the tSZ sky, including data recovery methods.

Findings

High signal-to-noise ratio estimation of skew-spectra from future tSZ maps.

Effective separation of tSZ non-Gaussianity from other sources.

Validation of the approach with Planck-like noise and ideal experiments.

Abstract

At high angular frequencies the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect constitutes the dominant signal in the CMB sky. The tSZ effect is caused by large scale pressure fluctuations in the baryonic distribution in the Universe so its statistical properties provide estimates of corresponding properties of the projected 3D pressure fluctuations. It's power spectrum is a sensitive probe of the density fluctuations, and the bispectrum can be used to separate the bias associated with pressure. The bispectrum is often probed with a one-point real-space analogue, the skewness. In addition to the skewness the morphological properties, as probed by the well known Minkowski Functionals (MFs), also require the generalized one-point statistics, which at the lowest order are identical to the skewness parameters. The concept of generalized skewness parameters can be extended to define a set of three associated generalized skew-spectra. We use these skew-spectra to probe the morphology of the tSZ sky or the y-sky. We show how these power spectra can be recovered from the data in the presence of arbitrary mask and noise templates using the well known Pseudo-Cl (PCL) approach for arbitrary beam shape. We also employ an approach based on the halo model to compute the tSZ bispectrum. The bispectrum from each of these models is then used to construct the generalized skew-spectra. We consider the performance of an all-sky survey with Planck-type noise and compare the results against a noise-free ideal experiment using a range of smoothing angles. We find that the skew-spectra can be estimated with very high signal-to-noise ratio from future frequency cleaned tSZ maps that will be available from experiments such as Planck. This will allow their mode by mode estimation for a wide range of angular frequencies and will help us to differentiate them from various other sources of non-Gaussianity.