The Glashow resonance as a discriminator of UHE cosmic neutrinos originating from p-gamma and p-p collisions

TL;DR

This paper explores how the Glashow resonance can distinguish ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos originating from p-gamma versus p-p collisions by analyzing neutrino flavor ratios and their dependence on source parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a parametrization of initial neutrino flavor composition and relates the Glashow resonance observable to source interaction types, enabling discrimination between p-gamma and p-p sources.

Findings

Measurement of R_0 can identify pure p-gamma sources.

Measurement of R_0 can identify pure p-p sources.

The event rate of the Glashow resonance signal can be estimated.

Abstract

We re-examine the interesting possibility of utilizing the Glashow resonance (GR) channel nu_ebar + e^- to W^- to anything to discriminate between the UHE cosmic neutrinos originating from p-gamma and pp collisions in an optically thin source of cosmic rays. We propose a general parametrization of the initial neutrino flavor composition by allowing the ratios Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-}/Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} and Phi^{pp}_{pi^-}/Phi^{pp}_{pi^+} to slightly deviate from their conventional values. A relationship between the typical source parameter kappa = (Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-})/(Phi^{pp}_{pi^+} + Phi^{pp}_{pi^-} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^+} + Phi^{p gamma}_{pi^-}) and the working observable of the GR R_0 = Phi^T_{nu_ebar}/ (Phi^T_{nu_mu} + Phi^T_{nu_mu}) at a neutrino telescope is derived, and the numerical dependence of R_0 on kappa is illustrated by taking account of the latest experimental data on three neutrino mixing angles. It is shown that a measurement of R_0 is in principle possible to identify the pure p-gamma interaction (kappa =1), the pure pp interaction (kappa =0) or a mixture of both of them (0 < kappa < 1) at a given source of UHE cosmic neutrinos. The event rate of the GR signal against the background is also estimated.