Dimerized and trimerized phases for spin-2 Bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates the phase diagram of spin-2 bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice, identifying ferromagnetic, dimerized, and trimerized phases using DMRG and proposing experimental detection methods.

Contribution

The study introduces a comprehensive phase diagram for spin-2 bosons in 1D lattices and presents two methods for phase identification, including an experimentally feasible approach.

Findings

Identified three phases: ferromagnetic, dimerized, and trimerized.

Proposed two methods for phase detection, one suitable for experiments.

Estimated phase types for specific atomic species based on scattering lengths.

Abstract

We study the phase diagram for spin-2 bosons loaded in a one-dimensional optical lattice. By using non-Abelian density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method we identify three possible phases: ferromagnetic, dimerized, and trimerized phases. We sketch the phase boundaries based on DMRG. We illustrate two methods for identifying the phases. The first method is based on the spin-spin correlation function while in the second method one observes the excitation gap as a dimerization or a trimerization superlattice is imposed. The advantage of the second method is that it can also be easily implemented in experiments. By using the scattering lengths in the literature we estimate that $^{83}$Rb, $^{23}$Na, and $^{87}$Rb be ferromagnetic, dimerized, and trimerized respectively.