Viscous cosmologies with variable $G$ and $\Lambda$ in $R^2$ gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates the evolution of a flat universe with viscous fluid in a higher derivative gravity theory, considering variable G and Lambda, and finds solutions relevant for cosmic acceleration and varying G behavior.

Contribution

It introduces new cosmological solutions in R^2 gravity with variable G and Lambda, including models with power-law and exponential expansion, and analyzes their physical implications.

Findings

G increases over time with positive Lambda in power-law models

G decreases over time with negative Lambda in power-law models

Temperature evolution of viscous universe is determined

Abstract

We study evolution of a flat Friedmann-Robertson Walker universe filled with a bulk viscous cosmological fluid in a higher derivative theory of gravity in the presence of time varying gravitational and cosmological constant. Cosmological models admitting both power-law and exponential expansions are explored here in the presence of imperfect fluid described by full Israel and Stewart theory. We note some new and interesting cosmological solutions relevant for model building including present accelerating phase. In the case of power law, it is found that gravitational constant increases as the time evolves for a positive cosmological constant whereas it decreases for a negative cosmological constant. The evolution of temperature of a viscous universe is also determined.