Study of galaxies in the Lynx-Cancer void. I. Sample description

TL;DR

This paper compiles a detailed catalogue of dwarf galaxies in the Lynx-Cancer void, providing insights into their properties and environment, which is crucial for understanding galaxy evolution in low-density regions.

Contribution

It presents the first comprehensive catalogue of dwarf galaxies in the Lynx-Cancer void, including parameters and completeness analysis, serving as a basis for future evolutionary studies.

Findings

Catalogue is nearly complete for M_B < -14 mag.

Void hosts some of the most metal-poor dwarfs known.

Void environment favors the existence of unevolved dwarf galaxies.

Abstract

The evolution of galaxies is influenced by the environment in which they reside. This effect should be strongest for the least-mass and -luminosity galaxies. To study dwarf galaxies in extremely low density environments we have compiled a deep catalogue of dwarf galaxies in the nearby Lynx-Cancer void. This void hosts some of the most metal-poor dwarfs known to date. It borders the Local Volume at the negative supergalactic Z (SGZ) coordinates and has the size of more than 16 Mpc. With a distance to its centre of only 18 Mpc it is close enough to allow the search for the faintest dwarfs. Within the void 75 dwarf (-11.9 > M_B > -18.0) and 4 subluminous (-18.0 > M_B > -18.4) galaxies have been identified. We present the parameters of the void galaxies and give a detailed analysis of the completeness of the catalogue as a function of magnitude and surface brightness. The catalogue appears almost complete to M_B < -14 mag, but misses part of the fainter low surface brightness (LSB) face-on galaxies. This sample of void galaxies builds the basis of forthcoming observational studies that will give insight into the main stellar population, HI-mass-to-light ratio, metallicity and age for comparison with dwarfs in higher density regions. We briefly summarize the information on the unusual objects in the void and conclude that their concentration hints that voids are environments that are favourable for finding and studying unevolved dwarf galaxies.