Dynamics of gap solitons in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate on a three-dimensional optical lattice

TL;DR

This paper investigates the formation, stability, and dynamics of gap solitons in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate within three-dimensional optical lattices, highlighting their oscillatory behavior and response to external perturbations.

Contribution

It introduces stable 3D and 1D gap solitons in dipolar BECs under optical lattice confinement and analyzes their dynamic stability and response to perturbations.

Findings

Stable disk- and cigar-shaped gap solitons identified.

Demonstrated breathing oscillations and dragging stability.

Included dynamic visualizations of soliton behavior.

Abstract

We suggest and study the stable disk- and cigar-shaped gap solitons of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{52}$Cr atoms localized in the lowest band gap by three optical-lattice (OL) potentials along orthogonal directions. The one-dimensional version of these solitons of experimental interest confined by an OL along the dipole moment direction and harmonic traps in transverse directions is also considered. Important dynamics of (i) breathing oscillation of a gap soliton upon perturbation and (ii) dragging of a gap soliton by a moving lattice along axial $z$ direction demonstrates the stability of gap solitons. A movie clip of dragging of three-dimensional gap soliton is included.