Interactions, star formation and extended nebulae in SDSS type 2 quasars at 0.3<~ z <~ 0.6

TL;DR

This study uses spectroscopy and imaging to explore interactions, star formation, and nebulae in a sample of type 2 quasars at redshifts 0.3-0.6, revealing evidence of mergers, star formation, and extended emission regions.

Contribution

First detailed spectroscopic and imaging analysis of 13 type 2 quasars at z~0.3-0.6, highlighting interactions, star formation, and nebulae features.

Findings

Evidence of mergers/interactions in 5/13 objects.

Star formation activity likely triggered by interactions.

Extended emission line regions found in 7/13 quasars.

Abstract

We present long-slit spectroscopy and imaging data obtained with FORS2 on the Very Large Telescope of 13 optically selected type 2 quasars at z~0.3-0.6 from the original sample of Zakamska et al. (2003). The sample is likely to be affected by different selection biases. We investigate the evidence for: a) mergers/interactions b) star formation activity in the neighborhood of the quasars and c) extended emission line regions and their nature. Evidence for mergers/interactions is found in 5/13 objects. This is a lower limit for our sample, given the shallowness of most of our continuum images. Although AGN photoionization cannot be totally discarded, line ratios consistent with stellar photoionization are found in general in companion galaxies/knots/nuclei near these same objects. On the contrary, the gas in the neighborhood of the quasar nucleus shows line ratios inconsistent with HII galaxies and typical of AGN photoionized nebulae. A natural scenario to explain the observations is that star formation is ongoing in companion galaxies/knots/nuclei, possibly triggered by the interactions. These systems are, therefore, composite in their emission line properties showing a combination of AGN and star formation features. Extended emission line regions (EELRs) have been found in 7/13 objects, although this fraction might be higher if a complete spatial coverage around the quasars was performed. The sizes vary between few and up to 64 kpc. In general, the EELRs apparently consist of an extended nebula associated with the quasar. In at least one case the EELR is associated with ionized tidal features.