Magnetization Oscillation of a Spinor Condensate Induced by Magnetic Field Gradient

TL;DR

This paper investigates how magnetic field gradients induce magnetization oscillations in spinor condensates, revealing tunable dynamics including Josephson-like oscillations, self-trapping, and beat-frequency phenomena in different interaction regimes.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical analysis of magnetization dynamics under magnetic field gradients in spin-1 condensates, highlighting new oscillation regimes and suppression effects.

Findings

Magnetization oscillations can be tuned between Josephson-like and self-trapping regimes.

Beat-frequency oscillations occur in balanced initial states with polar interactions.

Dynamics differ significantly between ferromagnetic and polar interaction cases.

Abstract

We study the spin mixing dynamics of ultracold spin-1 atoms in a weak non-uniform magnetic field with field gradient $G$, which can flip the spin from +1 to -1 so that the magnetization $m=\rho_{+}-\rho_{-}$ is not any more a constant. The dynamics of $m_F=0$ Zeeman component $\rho_{0}$, as well as the system magnetization $m$, are illustrated for both ferromagnetic and polar interaction cases in the mean-field theory. We find that the dynamics of system magnetization can be tuned between the Josephson-like oscillation similar to the case of double well, and the interesting self-trapping regimes, i.e. the spin mixing dynamics sustains a spontaneous magnetization. Meanwhile the dynamics of $\rho_0$ may be sufficiently suppressed for initially imbalanced number distribution in the case of polar interaction. A "beat-frequency" oscillation of the magnetization emerges in the case of balanced initial distribution for polar interaction, which vanishes for ferromagnetic interaction.