On the anomalous superfluid hydrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper extends the understanding of anomalous hydrodynamics to superfluid systems with spontaneously broken U(1) symmetry, identifying how anomaly-induced currents and first-order corrections behave in this context.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of superfluid hydrodynamics with anomalies, determining the structure of gradient corrections and entropy currents.

Findings

All first-order gradient corrections are characterized by five arbitrary functions.

The entropy current contains one arbitrary function.

The stress tensor does not include corrections proportional to magnetic fields.

Abstract

It has been shown by Son and Sur\'owka that the presence of anomaly in hydrodynamics with global U(1) symmetry can induce vortical and magnetic currents. The induced current is uniquely determined by anomaly from the existence of an entropy current with non-negative divergence. In this work, we extended the analysis to hydrodynamics with U(1) symmetry spontaneously broken, i.e. U(1) superfluid hydrodynamics. We found that all possible first order gradient corrections are determined up to five arbitrary functions, with the entropy current containing one arbitrary function. Furthermore, the stress tensor does not receive correction from terms proportional to the magnetic field.