A class of elementary particle models without any adjustable real parameters

TL;DR

This paper proposes a class of elementary particle models where all parameters are fixed by symmetry principles when coupled with gravity, eliminating the need for adjustable constants and potentially explaining their observed values.

Contribution

It introduces a framework where local conformal invariance, when coupled with gravity, uniquely determines all particle parameters, removing the arbitrariness present in conventional models.

Findings

All parameters, including masses and cosmological constant, are fixed by symmetry when gravity is included.

The models suggest parameters are of order one in Planck units, depending on the algebra.

The approach unifies previous findings and emphasizes implications for particle physics.

Abstract

Conventional particle theories such as the Standard Model have a number of freely adjustable coupling constants and mass parameters, depending on the symmetry algebra of the local gauge group and the representations chosen for the spinor and scalar fields. There seems to be no physical principle to determine these parameters as long as they stay within certain domains dictated by the renormalization group. Here however, reasons are given to demand that, when gravity is coupled to the system, local conformal invariance should be a spontaneously broken exact symmetry. The argument has to do with the requirement that black holes obey a complementarity principle relating ingoing observers to outside observers, or equivalently, initial states to final states. This condition fixes all parameters, including masses and the cosmological constant. We suspect that only examples can be found where these are all of order one in Planck units, but the values depend on the algebra chosen. This paper combines findings reported in two previous preprints, and puts these in a clearer perspective by shifting the emphasis towards the implications for particle models.