Experimental demonstration of Aharonov-Casher interference in a Josephson junction circuit

TL;DR

This paper experimentally demonstrates the Aharonov-Casher effect in a superconducting circuit with multiple Josephson junctions, showing fluxon interference patterns that confirm quantum coherence and support circuit design.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed experimental analysis of fluxon interference in a multi-junction superconducting circuit, validating theoretical models and quantum coherence.

Findings

Fluxon interference patterns match simplified and full quantum models.

Demonstrates quantum coherence in multi-junction arrays.

Validates fluxon-based description of the Aharonov-Casher effect.

Abstract

A neutral quantum particle with magnetic moment encircling a static electric charge acquires a quantum mechanical phase (Aharonov-Casher effect). In superconducting electronics the neutral particle becomes a fluxon that moves around superconducting islands connected by Josephson junctions. The full understanding of this effect in systems of many junctions is crucial for the design of novel quantum circuits. Here we present measurements and quantitative analysis of fluxon interference patterns in a six Josephson junction chain. In this multi-junction circuit the fluxon can encircle any combination of charges on five superconducting islands, resulting in a complex pattern. We compare the experimental results with predictions of a simplified model that treats fluxons as independent excitations and with the results of the full diagonalization of the quantum problem. Our results demonstrate the accuracy of the fluxon interference description and the quantum coherence of these arrays.