Collision of two general geodesic particles around a Kerr-Newman black hole

TL;DR

This paper investigates the conditions under which two geodesic particles can collide with arbitrarily high energy near a Kerr-Newman black hole, highlighting the effects of black hole charge and particle trajectories.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of high-energy collision conditions for particles around Kerr-Newman black holes, including the influence of charge and collision scenarios.

Findings

High CM energy possible near extremal Kerr-Newman black holes

Charge reduces the latitude range for high-energy collisions

Collision belt centers around the equator as charge increases

Abstract

We study collision of two general geodesic particles around the Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole and get the center-of-mass (CM) energy of the non-marginally and marginally bound critical particles in the direct collision and LSO collision scenarios. We find the constraint conditions that arbitrarily high CM energy can be obtained for the near-horizon collision of two general geodesic particles in the extremal KN black hole, and note that the charge decreases the value of the latitude in which arbitrarily high CM energy can occurs. We also interpret why the high-velocity collision belt centers to the equator with the increase of the charge.