Entanglement and Superdense Coding with Linear Optics

TL;DR

This paper presents a linear-optics scheme for full superdense coding of entangled photon states, enabling deterministic message transfer by manipulating a single photon, with trade-offs in control and photon discard rates.

Contribution

It introduces a novel linear-optics-based superdense coding scheme using a mixed basis for deterministic message transfer.

Findings

Deterministic transfer of four messages using linear optics

Use of mixed basis for unambiguous state discrimination

Trade-offs between control and photon discard rates

Abstract

We discuss a scheme for a full superdense coding of entangled photon states employing only linear-optics elements. By using the mixed basis consisting of four states that are unambiguously distinguishable by a standard and polarizing beam splitters we can deterministically transfer four messages by manipulating just one of the two entangled photons. The sender achieves the determinism of the transfer either by giving up the control over 50% of sent messages (although known to her) or by discarding 33% of incoming photons.