TL;DR
This paper reviews recent progress in calculating the QCD Equation of State using lattice QCD, highlighting improved precision and systematic uncertainties, supporting its application in heavy ion collision experiments.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive comparison of recent lattice QCD results for the QCD Equation of State from two major collaborations, emphasizing progress and remaining uncertainties.
Findings
High precision results achieved for T=150-700 MeV
Systematic uncertainties identified and discussed
Lattice QCD EoS now suitable for heavy ion phenomenology
Abstract
We provide a status report on the calculation of the Equation of State (EoS) of QCD at finite temperature using lattice QCD. Most of the discussion will focus on comparison of recent results obtained by the HotQCD and Wuppertal-Budapest (W-B) collaborations. We will show that very significant progress has been made towards obtaining high precision results over the temperature range of T=150-700 MeV. The various sources of systematic uncertainties will be discussed and the differences between the two calculations highlighted. Our final conclusion is that the lattice results of EoS are getting precise enough to justify being used in the phenomenological analysis of heavy ion experiments at RHIC and LHC.
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