X-ray and Optical Plateau Following the Main Bursts in Gamma-Ray Bursts and SNe II-P: A hint to the similar late injection behavior?

TL;DR

This study compares X-ray and optical emission plateaus in gamma-ray bursts and supernovae to investigate if they share similar late energy injection mechanisms, revealing comparable energy correlations.

Contribution

It demonstrates that GRBs and SNe IIP exhibit similar energy correlation patterns, suggesting a common late energy injection process behind their plateau phases.

Findings

Energy correlations between prompt and plateau phases are similar in GRBs and SNe IIP.

Type II SNe occupy the low-energy end of GRB distributions.

Prompt and plateau energies follow specific power-law relations.

Abstract

We analyze the emission plateaus in the X-ray afterglow lightcurves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and in the optical lightcurves of Type II superpernovae (SNe IIP) in order to study whether they have similar late energy injection behaviors. We show that correlations of bolometric energies (or luminosities) between the prompt explosions and the plateaus for the two phenomena are similar. The Type II SNe are in the low energy end of the GRBs. The bolometric energies (or luminosities) in prompt phase E_{\rm expl} (or L_{\rm expl}) and in plateau phase E_{\rm plateau} (or L_{\rm plateau}) share relations of E_{\rm expl} \propto E_{\rm plateau}^{0.73\pm 0.14} and L_{\rm expl} \propto L_{\rm plateau}^{\sim 0.70}. These results may indicate a similar late energy injection behavior to reproduce the observed plateaus of the plateaus in the two phenomena.