Explanation of the Helium-3 problem

TL;DR

This paper explores the discrepancy between observed and expected $^3$He abundance in the Galaxy, proposing that primordial micro brown dwarfs preserve and spread primordial $^3$He, explaining the lack of observed trends.

Contribution

It introduces a hypothesis that primordial micro brown dwarfs explain the uniform $^3$He abundance, challenging traditional nucleosynthesis expectations.

Findings

$^3$He/H ratio remains constant across different galactic regions.

Hii clouds are formed from primordial micro brown dwarfs, preserving primordial $^3$He.

Wide binaries do not conflict with MACHO dark matter predictions.

Abstract

One of the tests of nucleosynthesis theory is the $^3$He abundance in the Galaxy. $^3$He$^+$ is observed through its 3.46 cm hyperfine level in Hii regions and the $^3$He/H ratio compares well with theory. Since $^3$He can be created or destroyed in nuclear reactions, one would expect that its abundance shows a trend with the amount of such reactions, so with distance to the Center of the Galaxy and with metallicity. Such trends are lacking in observations. This is explained by assuming that the Hii clouds are recently formed out of the primordial micro brown dwarfs of earth mass predicted by gravitational hydrodynamics. If indeed existing, they would preserve their primordial $^3$He/H ratio and spread this when evaporating into Hii clouds, independent of the location in the Galaxy. In the development of the argument, it is also explained that wide binaries do not rule out the MACHO dark matter predicted by gravitational hydrodynamics, but are rather immersed as visible partners in Jeans clusters of dark micro brown dwarfs.