Interaction of half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates the long-range interactions between half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing a unique force law that differs from same-component vortices and depends on the healing length.

Contribution

It analytically derives the asymptotic interaction force between different-component vortices and confirms it through numerical simulations, highlighting new interaction characteristics.

Findings

Force between different-component vortices scales as (log R/ξ - 1/2)/R^3

Interaction differs from same-component vortices which follow a 1/R law

Short-range cutoff of the potential depends linearly on the healing length

Abstract

We study the asymptotic interaction between two half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. When two vortices in different components are placed at distance 2R, the leading order of the force between them is found to be (log R/\xi-1/2)/R^3, in contrast to 1/R between vortices placed in the same component. We derive it analytically using the Abrikosov ansatz and the profile functions of the vortices, confirmed numerically with the Gross-Pitaevskii model. We also find that the short-range cutoff of the inter-vortex potential linearly depends on the healing length.