Are Gamma-Ray Bursts the Sources of the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays?

TL;DR

This paper evaluates whether gamma-ray bursts could be the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays by applying specific criteria, ultimately suggesting blazars and radio galaxies are more likely sources.

Contribution

It introduces a checklist of criteria to identify UHECR sources and applies it to GRBs, providing a comparative analysis with other potential sources.

Findings

Criteria favor blazars and radio galaxies over GRBs as UHECR sources

Evidence does not strongly support long-duration GRBs as primary UHECR sources

The study refines the understanding of potential astrophysical sources of UHECRs

Abstract

A checklist of criteria is presented to help establish the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). These criteria are applied to long-duration GRBs in order to determine if they are UHECR sources. The evidence seems to favor blazars and radio galaxies (or other sources) over GRBs.