Using H-alpha Morphology and Surface Brightness Fluctuations to Age-Date Star Clusters in M83

TL;DR

This paper introduces two new methods for estimating star cluster ages in galaxy M83 using H-alpha morphology and surface brightness fluctuations, validated against previous models and identifying young HII regions.

Contribution

It develops independent morphological and flux fluctuation techniques for age-dating star clusters, enhancing accuracy and providing a new classification system.

Findings

Good agreement (~95%) with previous age estimates

Estimated age scatter: ~0.1 dex for <10 Myr, ~0.5 dex for >10 Myr

Identified 22 young 'single-star' HII regions in M83

Abstract

We use new WFC3 observations of the nearby grand design spiral galaxy M83 to develop two independent methods for estimating the ages of young star clusters. The first method uses the physical extent and morphology of Halpha emission to estimate the ages of clusters younger than tau ~10 Myr. It is based on the simple premise that the gas in very young (tau < few Myr) clusters is largely coincident with the cluster stars, is in a small, ring-like structure surrounding the stars in slightly older clusters (e.g., tau ~5 Myr), and is in a larger ring-like bubble for still older clusters (i.e., ~5-10 Myr). The second method is based on an observed relation between pixel-to-pixel flux variations within clusters and their ages. This method relies on the fact that the brightest individual stars in a cluster are most prominent at ages around 10 Myr, and fall below the detection limit (i.e., M_V < -3.5) for ages older than about 100 Myr. These two methods are the basis for a new morphological classification system which can be used to estimate the ages of star clusters based on their appearance. We compare previous age estimates of clusters in M83 determined from fitting UBVI Halpha measurements using predictions from stellar evolutionary models with our new morphological categories and find good agreement at the ~95% level. The scatter within categories is ~0.1 dex in log tau for young clusters (<10 Myr) and ~0.5 dex for older (>10 Myr) clusters. A by-product of this study is the identification of 22 "single-star" HII regions in M83, with central stars having ages ~4 Myr.