Anisotropic dark energy and ellipsoidal universe

TL;DR

This paper explores a cosmological model with anisotropic dark energy, showing how small deviations from isotropy can explain large-scale universe anisotropies while remaining consistent with supernova data.

Contribution

It introduces a model linking anisotropic dark energy to universe anisotropization, addressing the quadrupole problem in CMB with specific deviation parameters.

Findings

Deviation parameters ||  10^{-4} and ||  10^{-5}

Compatible with supernova magnitude-redshift data

Addresses the quadrupole problem in CMB

Abstract

A cosmological model with anisotropic dark energy is analyzed. The amount of deviation from isotropy of the equation of state of dark energy, the skewness \delta, generates an anisotropization of the large-scale geometry of the Universe, quantifiable by means of the actual shear \Sigma_0. Requiring that the level of cosmic anisotropization at the time of decoupling is such to solve the "quadrupole problem" of cosmic microwave background radiation, we find that |\delta| \sim 10^{-4} and |\Sigma_0| \sim 10^{-5}, compatible with existing limits derived from the magnitude-redshift data on type Ia supernovae.