Superradiance induced topological vortex phase in a Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores how superradiant phase transitions can induce topological vortex phases in a Bose-Einstein condensate, revealing conditions for different angular momentum states of superradiant radiation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism linking superradiance with topological vortex phase transitions in Bose-Einstein condensates driven by Laguerre-Gaussian modes.

Findings

Superradiant radiation can carry zero or non-zero angular momentum.

Conditions for different regimes depend on pump laser width and condensate size.

Recoil energy relative to atomic interaction energy determines the phase regime.

Abstract

We investigate theoretically a topological vortex phase transition induced by a superradiant phase transition in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate driven by a Laguerre-Gaussian optical mode. We show that superradiant radiation can either carry zero angular momentum, or be in a rotating Laguerre-Gaussian mode with angular momentum. The conditions leading to these two regimes are determined in terms of the width for the pump laser and the condensate size for the limiting cases where the recoil energy is both much smaller and larger than the atomic interaction energy.