The Subluminous and Peculiar Type Ia Supernova PTF09dav
M. Sullivan, M. M. Kasliwal, P. E. Nugent, D. A. Howell, R. C. Thomas,, E. O. Ofek, I. Arcavi, S. Blake, J. Cooke, A. Gal-Yam, I. M. Hook, P., Mazzali, P. Podsiadlowski, R. Quimby, L. Bildsten, J. S. Bloom, S. B. Cenko,, S. R. Kulkarni, N. Law, D. Poznanski

TL;DR
PTF09dav is a highly peculiar, subluminous Type Ia supernova with unusual spectral features, low luminosity, and ambiguous host galaxy, challenging existing models and suggesting a complex explosion mechanism.
Contribution
This paper presents the discovery and detailed analysis of PTF09dav, a unique subluminous SN Ia with atypical spectral and photometric properties, expanding understanding of supernova diversity.
Findings
PTF09dav is fainter than any known SN1991bg-like SN Ia.
Spectra show unusual strong lines of Sc II and Mg I, with low velocities (~6000 km/s).
The supernova's properties challenge existing explosion models.
Abstract
PTF09dav is a peculiar subluminous type Ia supernova (SN) discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). Spectroscopically, it appears superficially similar to the class of subluminous SN1991bg-like SNe, but it has several unusual features which make it stand out from this population. Its peak luminosity is fainter than any previously discovered SN1991bg-like SN Ia (M_B -15.5), but without the unusually red optical colors expected if the faint luminosity were due to extinction. The photospheric optical spectra have very unusual strong lines of Sc II and Mg I, with possible Sr II, together with stronger than average Ti II and low velocities of ~6000 km/s. The host galaxy of PTF09dav is ambiguous. The SN lies either on the extreme outskirts (~41kpc) of a spiral galaxy, or in an very faint (M_R>-12.8) dwarf galaxy, unlike other 1991bg-like SNe which are invariably associated with…
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