The Single-Photon Router

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a superconducting qubit-based single-photon router capable of directing microwave photons with high efficiency and fast switching, advancing quantum network components.

Contribution

It introduces a microwave photon router using a superconducting transmon qubit, achieving high on-off ratios and fast response times, and explores EIT for photon control.

Findings

Achieved up to 90% extinction of microwave signals on resonance.

Demonstrated control of photon routing with nanosecond switching.

Observed electromagnetically induced transparency in a superconducting circuit.

Abstract

We have embedded an artificial atom, a superconducting "transmon" qubit, in an open transmission line and investigated the strong scattering of incident microwave photons ($\sim6$ GHz). When an input coherent state, with an average photon number $N\ll1$ is on resonance with the artificial atom, we observe extinction of up to 90% in the forward propagating field. We use two-tone spectroscopy to study scattering from excited states and we observe electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We then use EIT to make a single-photon router, where we can control to what output port an incoming signal is delivered. The maximum on-off ratio is around 90% with a rise and fall time on the order of nanoseconds, consistent with theoretical expectations. The router can easily be extended to have multiple output ports and it can be viewed as a rudimentary quantum node, an important step towards building quantum information networks.