Far Ultraviolet Emission in the A2597 and A2204 Brightest Cluster Galaxies

TL;DR

This study uses Hubble and VLT observations to analyze the far-ultraviolet emission in the brightest cluster galaxies of Abell 2597 and 2204, exploring stellar and non-stellar origins of the observed filaments and emission features.

Contribution

It provides detailed spatial mapping of FUV and U band excess emission in BCGs and evaluates the roles of stellar and non-stellar processes in producing these emissions.

Findings

FUV and U excess emission are spatially coincident in the filaments.

Stars with temperatures 10,000-50,000 K may not fully explain the emission.

Non-stellar processes like AGN and scattering are insufficient to account for the observations.

Abstract

We use the Hubble Space Telescope ACS/SBC and Very Large Telescope FORS cameras to observe the Brightest Cluster Galaxies in Abell 2597 and Abell 2204 in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) F150LP and optical U, B, V, R, I Bessel filters. The FUV and U band emission is enhanced in bright, filamentary structures surrounding the BCG nuclei. These filaments can be traced out to 20 kpc from the nuclei in the FUV. Excess FUV and U band light is determined by removing emission due to the underlying old stellar population and mapped with 1 arcsec spatial resolution over the central 20 kpc regions of both galaxies. We find the FUV and U excess emission to be spatially coincident and a stellar interpretation requires the existence of a significant amount of 10000-50000 K stars. Correcting for nebular continuum emission and dust intrinsic to the BCG further increases the FUV to U band emission ratio and implies that stars alone may not suffice to explain the observations. However, lack of detailed information on the gas and dust distribution and extinction law in these systems prevents us from ruling out a purely stellar origin. Non-stellar processes, such as the central AGN, Scattering, Synchrotron and Bremsstrahlung emission are investigated and found to not be able to explain the FUV and U band measurements in A2597. Contributions from non-thermal processes not treated here should be investigated. Comparing the FUV emission to the optical H-alpha line emitting nebula shows good agreement on kpc-scales in both A2597 and A2204. In concordance with an earlier investigation by O'Dea et al. (2004) we find that O-stars can account for the ionising photons necessary to explain the observed H-alpha line emission.