Hall probes: physics and application to magnetometry

TL;DR

This paper provides an overview of Hall effect devices, focusing on their physics, types, recent advances in three-axis sensors, calibration challenges, and applications in magnetic measurements.

Contribution

It offers a comprehensive review of Hall probes, including recent developments in three-axis sensors and techniques for offset and planar Hall effect compensation.

Findings

Development of three-axis Hall sensors

Techniques for offset and planar Hall effect cancellation

Application of Hall probes in beam line magnet measurements

Abstract

This lecture aims to present an overview of the properties of Hall effect devices. Descriptions of the Hall phenomenon, a review of the Hall effect device characteristics and of the various types of probes are presented. Particular attention is paid to the recent development of three-axis sensors and the related techniques to cancel the offsets and the planar Hall effect. The lecture introduces the delicate problem of the calibration of a three-dimensional sensor and ends with a section devoted to magnetic measurements in conventional beam line magnets and undulators.