Higher twist parton distributions from light-cone wave functions

TL;DR

This paper develops models for higher-twist parton distributions in nucleons using light-cone wave functions, providing insights into polarized and unpolarized gluon densities and twist-three distributions relevant for spin asymmetries.

Contribution

It introduces simple nucleon wave function models involving a gluon and valence quarks, estimating their normalization with QCD sum rules and exploring their implications for twist-three distributions.

Findings

Wave functions describe gluon densities at large x > 0.5

Gluon-pole contribution to single spin asymmetry vanishes in the model

Perturbative generation of gluon-pole contribution at higher scales

Abstract

We explore the possibility to construct higher-twist parton distributions in a nucleon at some low reference scale from convolution integrals of the light-cone wave functions (WFs). To this end we introduce simple models for the four-particle nucleon WFs involving three valence quarks and a gluon with total orbital momentum zero, and estimate their normalization (WF at the origin) using QCD sum rules. We demonstrate that these WFs provide one with a reasonable description of both polarized and unpolarized gluon parton densities at large values of Bjorken variable x > 0.5. Twist-three parton distributions are then constructed as convolution integrals of qqqg and usual three-quark WFs. The cases of the polarized structure function g_2(x,Q^2) and single transverse spin asymmetries are considered in detail. We find that the so-called gluon-pole contribution to twist-three distributions relevant for single spin asymmetry vanishes in this model, but is generated perturbatively at higher scales by the evolution, in the spirit of GRV parton distributions.