Surface dark solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media

TL;DR

This paper predicts and analyzes the existence and stability of surface dark solitons at the interface between a self-defocusing nonlocal nonlinear medium and a linear medium, highlighting conditions for their stability.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of surface dark solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media and explores their stability depending on nonlocality and propagation parameters.

Findings

Fundamental surface dark solitons are stable.

Higher-order solitons' stability depends on nonlocality and propagation constant.

Surface dark solitons exist when the nonlinear medium's refractive index is much larger than the linear medium's.

Abstract

We predict the existence of surface dark solitons at the interface between a self-defocusing nonlocal nonlinear medium and a linear medium. The fundamental and higher-order surface dark solitons can exist when the linear refractive index of the self-defocusing media is much larger than that of the linear media. The fundamental solitons are stable and the stabilities of higher-order solitons depend on both nonlocality degree and propagation constant.