Transport Model Studies of the Baryon-Rich Quark-Gluon Plasma formed in Heavy Ion Collisions

TL;DR

This paper uses a multiphase transport model to study the properties and observables of baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma in heavy ion collisions, focusing on phase transition effects, fluctuations, and charm energy loss.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed transport model to analyze how baryon density and phase transition dynamics influence experimental observables in low-energy heavy ion collisions.

Findings

Partonic interactions significantly affect elliptic flow measurements.

Density fluctuations from first-order phase transition impact hadron momentum fluctuations.

Charm energy loss mechanisms can be studied in baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma.

Abstract

Heavy ion collisions in the low energy run at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Germany are expected to produce a quark-gluon plasma that has a finite baryon chemical potential, allowing thus the possibility to study the location of the critical endpoint in the QCD phase diagram. In this talk, using a multiphase transport model, that includes interactions in both initial partonic and final hadronic matters and the transition between these two phases of matter, we discuss the effects of partonic interactions on observables such as the elliptic flow that have played essential roles in studying the properties of the net baryon free quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy ion collisions at higher energies at RHIC. Also, we study the effect of density fluctuations due to a first-order transition between the quark-gluon plasma and hadronic matter on fluctuations of hadron mean transverse momentum and produced deuteron number as well as on two-pion correlations. We further discuss the possibility of studying the mechanism of charm energy loss in the baryon-rich quark-gluon plasma and the properties of phi mesons in hot-dense matter produced in these collisions.